Trade Policies For National Enrichment - 845 Words

In Defense of Mercantilism In his Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith proposes trade policies for national enrichment, but his suggestions may actually limit the earning potential of nations. Using examples such as the pin factory, Smith clearly demonstrates that dividing labor roles among people increases efficiency. The specialization of each member allows the aggregate wealth of a nation to increase because each member took home a part of a much greater quantity of products manufactured. By that logic, specialized manufacturing among nations should increase the aggregate wealth of all nations because they produce an even greater overall quantity of a good. In many industries, however, without the promise of maintaining superior profits, manufacturers will not devote the necessary capital needed for many important technological breakthroughs. These breakthroughs are often attributed to groups aiming to maximize profit with the expectation that intellectual property rights will be pr otected. Smith’s proposed deregulation of trade to enrich nations may actually be counter-productive in certain industries where research and development are motivated by sustained high profits. Smith’s encouragement of dividing labor in domestic economies is highly logical. Using the example of the pin-factory, Smith claims that the uneducated pin-maker can only produce one pin each day. The team of ten specialized manufacturers, however, can apparently produce upwards of 48,000 pins in aShow MoreRelatedGlobalization And The Concept Of Flexibility1522 Words   |  7 Pagesforce. A core group is created with permanent, first peripheral and second peripheral employees comprising of the contractors and the daily / contract / non - standard workers. The HR has to deal with Trade unions across the worlds in case of outsourcing/ Offshoring and with the coming of the World Trade Organisation and International Labour Organisation adherence to its rules is also necessary. â€Å" Union challenges to management, although devoid of large scale worker militancy, have been a factor affectingRead MoreDick Cheney Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesWyoming. Upon his return he was elected to serve as the States only representative in Congress. He was reelected to the House of Repesenatives for five consecutive two-year terms. From 1981-1987 he was elected to serve as Chairman of the Republican Policy Committee. In 1987, he was elected House Minority Whip. During the time he served in the House, Secretary Cheney earned a reputation as a man of knowledge, character and accessibility. Mr. Cheney served his most critical role under George WRead MoreThe Iran Nuclear Deal : The Repercussions Facing Iran1226 Words   |  5 Pagespast since Iran and the US have been on good terms, yet Iran and the United States continue to have a strained relationship. In 2006 when the UN Security Council passed Resolution 1696 and imposed sanctions after Iran refused to suspend its uranium enrichment program, the pre-existing strain from disagreements worsened. However, the two nations are now on better terms as of April 2, 2015, when Iranian President, Hassan Rouhani, and the Eight Nations Alliance reached an agreement on the terms of the nuclearRead MoreThe State University Of New York1732 Words   |  7 Pagesinternational trade and investment and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in societies around the world† (The Sta te University of New York, 2014, para 1). Global economics affects the decisions of firms, governments, and individuals in the United State in many different ways. The World Trade Organization manages the rules and trade between nationsRead MoreIran Case Study1133 Words   |  5 Pagesits only heavy reactor capacity to render it permanently inoperable and implemented rigorous transparency measures across its nuclear program. In Return, United states not only failed to implement fully its commitment through facilitating the Iran’s trade with the world but also it chose to get back the pre JCPOA atmosphere and prevent others to work with Iran. A return to the bargaining table is particularly unrealistic if Congress attempts to attach conditions to Iran’s misbehaviors in the non-nuclearRead MoreEssay on Iran and Nuclear Proliferation1710 Words   |  7 Pagespossibility of an advanced nuclear development program in Iran. Iran has been consistently resistant to working with IAEA inspectors on exposing its nuclear program. UN countries, such as the United States have seen these actions as a threat to national interests in the Middle East region. (Garcia-Navarro) Because of Iran’s hesitation and negligence in cooperating with UN requirements, the United States and UN Security Council nations should move forward with stricter political and economic sanctionsRead MoreThe Agreement with Iran over Nuclear Programed Achieve in November 20131674 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment concerning weapons of mass destruction, including but not limited to: biological and nuclear devices. †¢ Trade/Investment: On April 30, 1995, President Bill Clinton announced a comprehen-sive ban on U.S. trade and investment in Iran, a move codified by Executive Order 12959 . In March 2010, President Barack Obama, like George W. Bush, renewed Clin-tons executive order banning U.S. trade and investment with Iran. There are also a myriad of sanctions placed by the European Union (What are the SanctionsRead MoreBrunei : The United States, And Future Direction1364 Words   |  6 Pagesofficer (Thambipillai, 2014). Brunei drafted their national constitution in 1954 and ratified in 1959; however, a state of emergency has been in place since 1962, allowing many powers to the Sultan outside those granted in the constitution. Brunei has not been able to gain electoral representation due to lack of elections. Brunei has an executive, legislative, and judicial branch (Brunei, n.d.). The government of Brunei has emphasized through policy and resource investments it strong desire to diversifyRead MoreU.s Sanctions On Iran And The Iranian Economy1264 Words   |  6 Pagesproduction, third party investors, weapons trade, and investment banking. Unfortunately, these sanctions have yet to effect a change in the Iranian administrative policy on the development of nuclear weapons and the enrichment of ur anium. S.1881 - Nuclear Weapon Free Iran Act of 2013113th Congress (2013-2014). A Brief History of Iranian and U.S Relations The U.S, Iranian relationship is a historically unstable relationship that affects worldwide politics, policy and even War. The Coup of 1953 In 1953Read MoreThe Implementation Of The Iran Nuclear Deal And The Revival Of U.s.1688 Words   |  7 Pagesd’à ©tat in opposition of Mohammed Mossadegh and in support of the return of the secular Pahlavi Dynasty. The orchestrated overthrow of Iran’s first democratically elected prime minister, and his highly opposed policy on nationalization of Iranian oil, planted a seed of hatred for U.S. foreign policy in the heart of Iran. The United States had greatly favored the rejuvenation of the pro-Western secular monarchy, which was to be led by the heir to the Pahlavi dynasty, Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi. The U.S

National Culture And Hofstede s Dimensions - 817 Words

National Culture and Hofstede’s Dimensions National culture refers to the set of shared norms and beliefs among individuals within national boundaries who are indigenous to that area. Geert Hofstede s work on national culture is considered significant. He defines culture as â€Å"the collective programming of the mind distinguishing the members of one group or category of people from others†. National culture has been a key construct in the study of organizations. Culture plays a crucial role in determining the suitability of a management practice. Geert Hofstede categorizes national culture among six dimensions †¢ Power Distance Index (PDI) †¢ Individualism versus Collectivism (IDV) †¢ Masculinity versus Femininity (MAS) †¢ Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) †¢ Long Term Orientation vs Short Term Normative Orientation (LTO) †¢ Indulgence versus Restraint (IND). The Hofstede model of six dimensions of national culture has analyzed and differentiated societies from 76 countries. Figure 1 shows the performance of Indian Culture in these six dimensions. I will discuss the meaning of these 6 dimensions and where do India stands with respect to these dimensions. Power Distance Index This dimension deals with the fact that all individuals in societies are not equal – it expresses the attitude of the culture towards these inequalities amongst us. Power Distance is defined as the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organizations within a country expect and acceptShow MoreRelatedHofstede s Four Cultural Dimensions And Fons Trompenaars1225 Words   |  5 Pages1. Introduction Hofstede (1991) argued that culture was a social phenomenon, people had a mind programming which could distinguish with other people. According to Trompenaars (1997), ‘culture is a way a group of people act to solve problems.’ This report has introduced two approaches to look at culture, which are Geert Hofstede’s four cultural dimensions and Fons Trompenaars’ seven cultural dimensions. There are mainly demonstrated national cultural by critically evaluate these two approaches. TheRead MoreGeert Hofstede : The Four Dimensions Of National Cultures1191 Words   |  5 PagesGeert Hofstede conducted different studies for business culture; most of the comprehensive studies are based on how the values in the workplace are influenced by culture. This paper briefly describes how the Hofstede four dimensions of national cultures distinguished between two countries. The four dimensions that Hofstede discovered were: Power Distance, Individualism, Masculinity, and Un certainty Avoidance. He used four dimensions to show the difference between each country culture. It shows howRead MoreUnderstanding National Culture And How Relevant Is Important Essay841 Words   |  4 Pagesapproaches to understanding national culture and how relevant is such an understanding to an internationalising firm. â€Æ' Index 1.- Introduction 3 2.- Aproaches to National Culture 4 2.1.- Hall’s Context Culture Model 5 2.2.- Hofstede s Cultural Dimensions Theory 5 2.3.- Trompenaars Model of National Culture Differences 5 3.- Conclusion 6 4.- Bibliography 7 â€Æ' 1.- Introduction According to Hofstede definition, it is possible to develop the idea of national culture as a culture for a particular groupRead MoreHofstede And Globe ( Global Leadership And Organisation Behaviour Effectiveness1496 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract This report is comparison between Hofstede and GLOBE (Global Leadership and Organisation Behaviour Effectiveness) research on Culture and Leadership. Hofstede and GLOBE is similar, they both investigation the behaviour of organisations in different countries and across culture. But the way and research scope still quite different. In this report we will summarized and reviewed the theoretical dimension of various culture and leadership. Include the deficiencies in Hofstede’s work which theRead MoreFive Aspects of Culture1688 Words   |  7 PagesAspects of Culture Hofstede s cultural factors    Explanations  gt;  Culture gt; Hofstede s cultural factors Power |  Self | Gender | Predictability | Time | So what?    Geert Hofstede, a Dutch cultural anthropologist, analyzed cultures along five dimensions. He rated 58 countries on each dimension on a scale from 1 to 100. Power Hofstede named this Power Distance (PD or PDI). It is the extent to which less powerful members expect and accept unequal power distribution. High PD cultures usuallyRead MoreAnalysis Of Geert Hofstede s Cultural Theory1644 Words   |  7 PagesCulture influences our expectations of what is appropriate or inappropriate and also learned and reflects the values of a society. It frames our experiences and provides us with patterns of behavior, thinking, feeling, and interacting. In summary, culture affects every prospect of daily life - how we think and feel, how we learn and teach, or what we consider to be beautiful or cross-grained. However, most people are unaware of their own culture until they experience another. In fact, we don t regularlyRead MoreAnalysis Of Geert Hofstede s Cultural Theory1644 Words   |  7 PagesCulture influences our expectations of what is appropriate or inappropriate and also learned and reflects the values of a society. It frames our experiences and pro vides us with patterns of behavior, thinking, feeling, and interacting. In summary, culture affects every prospect of daily life - how we think and feel, how we learn and teach, or what we consider to be beautiful or cross-grained. However, most people are unaware of their own culture until they experience another. In fact, we don t regularlyRead MoreUnderstanding National Culture And How Relevant Is Important1209 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction 3 2.- Approaches to National Culture 4 2.1.- Hall’s Context Culture Model (180) 4 2.2.- Hofstede s Cultural Dimensions Theory 5 2.3.- Trompenaars Model of National Culture Differences 6 3.- Conclusion 7 4.- Bibliography 8 â€Æ' 1.- Introduction According to Hofstede definition, it is possible to develop the idea of national culture as a culture for a particular group of humans that includes systems of values and is passed down between generations by learning. (Hofstede G. H., 1980, p. 21) GivenRead MoreInternational Cultural Difference Of Business Culture1234 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction Culture is the social behaviour and integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behaviour that depends upon the capacity fro learning and transmitting knowledge to future generations It is the set of values, goals and practices that characterise an organisation A key to being successful in business internationally is to understand the role of culture in international business.cultural differences will have a direct impact on your profitability in any sectorsRead MoreAnalysis of The Theory of Culture Essay619 Words   |  3 PagesCulture can be reffered to as antonym of cult. Questioning culture is quite a trend in a contemporary society. Societal norms have been clashing with the individual’s ideals and views much recently. For certain nations, which demostrate a deeply rooted culture, this transformation seems to be inconceivable. Whereas the merits of imbibing the views of foreign cultures inculcates a differtial approach in task handling. Through the following document, I intend to grasp the wisdom bestowed upon by geniuses

Gsm Specification Air Interface Free Essays

[pic] WHAT IS GSM GSM: GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications: originally from Groupe Special Mobile) is the most popular standard for mobile telephone systems in the world. The GSM Association, its promoting industry trade organization of mobile phone carriers and manufacturers, estimates that 80% of the global mobile market uses the standard. GSM Specifications-I RF Spectrum GSM 900 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Gsm Specification Air Interface or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mobile to BTS (uplink): 890-915 MHz 2. BTS to Mobile (downlink):935-960 MHz 3. Bandwidth: 2* 25 MHz GSM 1800 1. Mobile to BTS (uplink): 1710-1785 MHz 2. BTS to Mobile (downlink) 1805-1880 MHz 3. Bandwidth: 2* 75 MHz GSM Specification-II 1. Carrier Separation : 200 KHz 2. Duplex Distance : 45 MHz 3. No. of RF carriers : 124 4. Access Method : TDMA/FDMA 5. Modulation Method: GMSK 6. Modulation data rate: 270. 833 Kbps ADVANTAGES OF GSM: 1. GSM uses radio frequencies efficiently due to the digital radio path the system tolerates more intercellular disturbances. 2. The average quality of speech achieved is better than in existing analogue systems. 3. Data transmission is supported throughout the system. 4. Speech is encrypted subscriber information security is guaranteed. . Due to the ISDN compatibility, new services are offered compared to analogue systems. 6. International roaming is technically possible within all the countries concerned. 7. The large market toughens the competition lowers the prices both for investments usages. GSM SPECIFICATIONS The main idea behind the GSM specifications is to define several open interfaces which then are limiting certain parts of the GSM system. Because of this interface, openness the operator maintaining the network may obtain different parts of the network from different GSM network suppliers. Also when an interface is open it defines strictly what is happening through the interface this in turn strictly defines what kind of actions/procedures/functions should ne implemented between the interfaces. STRUCTURE OF GSM: [pic] GSM Specifications: Before looking at the GSM specifications, it is important to understand the following basic terms: * Bandwidth —the range of a channel’s limits; the broader the bandwidth, the faster data can be sent * Bits per second (bps) —a single on-off pulse of data; eight bits are equivalent to one byte * Frequency —the number of cycles per unit of time; frequency is measured in hertz (Hz) Kilo (k) —kilo is the designation for 1,000; the abbreviation kbps represents 1,000 bits per second * Megahertz (MHz) —1,000,000 hertz (cycles per second) * Milliseconds (ms) —one-thousandth of a second * Watt (W) —a measure of power of a transmitter Specifications for different personal communication ser vices (PCS) systems vary among the different PCS networks. Listed below is a description of the specifications and characteristics for GSM. * Frequency band — the frequency range specified for GSM is 1,850 to 1,990 MHz (mobile station to base station). * Duplex distance —The duplex distance is 80 MHz. Duplex distance is the distance between the uplink and downlink frequencies. A channel has two frequencies, 80 MHz apart. * Channel separation —The separation between adjacent carrier frequencies. In GSM, this is 200 kHz. * Modulation —Modulation is the process of sending a signal by changing the characteristics of a carrier frequency. This is done in GSM via Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK). * Transmission rate —GSM is a digital system with an over-the-air bit rate of 270 kbps. * Access method —GSM utilizes the time division multiple access (TDMA) concept. TDMA is a technique in which several different calls may share the same carrier. Each call is assigned a particular time slot. * Speech coder —GSM uses linear predictive coding (LPC). The purpose of LPC is to reduce the bit rate. The LPC provides parameters for a filter that mimics the vocal tract. The signal passes through this filter, leaving behind a residual signal. Speech is encoded at 13 kbps. GSM Subscriber Services There are two basic types of services offered through GSM: telephony (also referred to as tele services) and data (also referred to as bearer services). Telephony services are mainly voice services that provide subscribers with the complete capability (including necessary terminal equipment) to communicate with other subscribers. Data services provide the capacity necessary to transmit appropriate data signals between two access points creating an interface to the network. In addition to normal telephony and emergency calling, the following subscriber services are supported by GSM: * Dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) —DTMF is a tone signaling scheme often used for various control purposes via the telephone network, such as remote control of an answering machine. GSM supports full-originating DTMF. * Facsimile group III —GSM supports CCITT Group 3 facsimile. As standard fax machines are designed to be connected to a telephone using analog signals, a special fax converter connected to the exchange is used in the GSM system. This enables a GSM–connected fax to communicate with any analog fax in the network. * Short message services —A convenient facility of the GSM network is the short message service. A message consisting of a maximum of 160 alphanumeric characters can be sent to or from a mobile station. This service can be viewed as an advanced form of alphanumeric paging with a number of advantages. If the subscriber’s mobile unit is powered off or has left the coverage area, the message is stored and offered back to the subscriber when the mobile is powered on or has reentered the coverage area of the network. This function ensures that the message will be received. * Cell broadcast —A variation of the short message service is the cell broadcast facility. A message of a maximum of 93 characters can be broadcast to all mobile subscribers in a certain geographic area. Typical applications include traffic congestion warnings and reports on accidents. * Voice mail —This service is actually an answering machine within the network, which is controlled by the subscriber. Calls can be forwarded to the subscriber’s voice-mail box and the subscriber checks for messages via a personal security code. * Fax mail —With this service, the subscriber can receive fax messages at any fax machine. The messages are stored in a service center from which they can be retrieved by the subscriber via a personal security code to the desired fax number. Supplementary Services GSM supports a comprehensive set of supplementary services that can complement and support both telephony and data services. Supplementary services are defined by GSM and are characterized as revenue-generating features. A partial listing of supplementary services follows. * Call forwarding —This service gives the subscriber the ability to forward incoming calls to another number if the called mobile unit is not reachable, if it is busy, if there is no reply, or if call forwarding is allowed unconditionally. Barring of outgoing calls —This service makes it possible for a mobile subscriber to prevent all outgoing calls. * Barring of incoming calls —This function allows the subscriber to prevent incoming calls. The following two conditions for incoming call barring exist: baring of all incoming calls and barring of incoming calls when roaming outside the home PLMN. * Advice of charge (AOC) —The AOC service provides the mobile subscribe r with an estimate of the call charges. There are two types of AOC information: one that provides the subscriber with an estimate of the bill and one that can be used for immediate charging purposes. AOC for data calls is provided on the basis of time measurements. * Call hold —This service enables the subscriber to interrupt an ongoing call and then subsequently reestablish the call. The call hold service is only applicable to normal telephony. * Call waiting —This service enables the mobile subscriber to be notified of an incoming call during a conversation. The subscriber can answer, reject, or ignore the incoming call. Call waiting is applicable to all GSM telecommunications services using a circuit-switched connection. Multiparty service —The multiparty service enables a mobile subscriber to establish a multiparty conversation—that is, a simultaneous conversation between three and six subscribers. This service is only applicable to normal telephony. * Calling line identification presentation/restriction —These services supply the called party with the integrated services digital network (ISDN) number of the calling party. The restriction se rvice enables the calling party to restrict the presentation. The restriction overrides the presentation. * Closed user groups (CUGs) —CUGs are generally comparable to a PBX. They are a group of subscribers who are capable of only calling themselves and certain numbers. AIR INTERFACE In cellular telephone communications, the air interface is the radio-frequency portion of the circuit between the cellular phone set or wireless modem (usually portable or mobile) and the active base station. As a subscriber moves from one cell to another in the system, the active base station changes periodically. Each changeover is known as a handoff. A cellular connection is only as good as its weakest link, which is almost always the air interface. Radio-frequency (RF) circuits are subject to many variables that affect signal quality. Factors that can cause problems include: * Use of the handheld phone set or portable wireless modem inside buildings, cars, buses, trucks, or trains * Proximity to human-made, steel-frame obstructions, especially large buildings and freeway overpasses * Abundance of utility wires that can reflect radio signals and/or generate noise that interferes with reception * Irregular terrain, particularly canyons and ravines * Inadequate transmitter power in phone set or wireless modem Poorly designed antenna in phone set or wireless modem In addition to these variables, some cellular networks have inadequate coverage in certain geographic areas. Usually this is because there are not enough base stations to ensure continuous communications for subscribers using portable (handheld) phone sets. As a network evolves, more base stations may be installed in a given region, and in that case, this problem will dim inish with time. Conversion of a network from analog to digital can result in dramatic improvement. How to cite Gsm Specification Air Interface, Papers

Project Management for Marketing of Training

Question: Discuss about the Project Management for Marketing of Training . Answer: Introduction The project involved launch, management and analysis of the marketing campaign run for the promotion of a training workshop over major social media platforms including Facebook and Twitter. This project was for an organization that was into providing corporate workshops and training to corporate organizations. Project Scope Management Scope Statements Project Objective: Objective of the project is to manage two marketing campaigns on Facebook and on Twitter for promoting the workshop that is to be conducted one month later. The campaign would run for 20 days seeking online registrations from interested students. In this paper, stakeholders of this project would be identified and their priorities would be defined on the basis of their interests. To explain the complete process of stakeholder management, stakeholder matrix, decision matrix, communication matrix and stakeholder assessment matrix would be prepared for this project. The report would also cover agenda for stakeholder and project meetings required for project progress assessment and management(Bright Hub Media, 2015). A scope checklist if provided here to provide an insight into what would be involved on the project. Scope Checklist Project Objectives Plan for managing marketing campaigns Deliverables Stakeholder Analysis Stakeholder Identification Stakeholder Prioritization Matrix Stakeholder Matrix Decision Making Matrix Stakeholder Assessment Matrix. Communication Matrix Project Meeting Agenda(BIS, 2010) Stakeholder Analysis Stakeholders are important to analyze as they affect the outcome of the project as well as need to give an acceptance for the outcome delivered. Stakeholder analyses begin with planning and defining of its purpose. Once the purpose of project is clear, company policies required to complete project would be identified. For any project to be completed, people have to have the right skills and thus, the next step would be to hire the human resource that is capable of managing marketing campaigns for the event organization(Bright Hub Media, 2013). Next, the stakeholders have to be identified and information that is important to understand about them would be recorded such as their positions and interests which would be collected by interviewing various stakeholders of the project. A structure process may be used to collect this information and the same would then act as an input for making the project plan(Caltrans, 2007). The table below identifies some of the internal and external stakeholders of the marketing project who are affected by the project process or by its results. Project Stakeholders Internal External Affected by project process Project owner Project Sponsor Training manager Training content developers Employees Stakeholders Trainers Trainers Partners Government Agencies Client organization Workshop attendees Media Competitors Affected by project result Employees Project Sponsor System users Client Public Training Community( Changefirst Limited, 2009) Stakeholder Identification and Prioritization Matrix WHAT IS IMPORTANT TO THIS STAKEHOLDER? Project Owner Project Sponsor Trainees Trainer POWER Highest (10) Higher (9) Moderate (6) Moderately Low (5) INTEREST Higher (9) High (8) High (8) Moderately Low (5) INFLUENCE High (8) Higher (9) Moderately High (7) Very Less (4) IMPACT Highest (10) High (8) Moderate (6) Moderate (6) URGENCY Medium level (6) Medium Level (6) Moderately Less (5) Moderately High (7) LEGITIMACY High (8) Medium level (6) Less (3) Very Less (1) TOTAL 51 46 35 28 PRIORITY (KEY OR OTHER) (City of Chandler , 2000) Project Decision Making Matrix PersonMethod When Sponsor Budgeting, Funding, Critical decisions Project Manager Project Planning and critical decisions Project Owner Content planning venue planning , training schedule Core team has discussions and project manager takes a decision Inputs from team members are needed Project Team Agreement Team must have unified decision to follow Recommendations from team members Investigation needed to be done upon receiving team inputs. Decision by Team members Decision needed to be taken upon receiving team inputs(FME, 2014). Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix Stakeholder management is required for engaging stakeholders which is done by understanding their needs and intersects and study the impacts that they can have on the project such that a clear action plan can be made on how to interact with them to seek maximum support for the smooth execution of the project. The responsibility to engage stakeholders would be on project manager, the level of this engagement for every stakeholder and at different project stages would vary. Stakeholder Engagement It is important that a project manger identifies all communication needs of stakeholder such that a right level of engagement may be planned in order to attain the delivery of the project successfully. The needed level of the engagement for each type of stakeholder is defined in the table below: Stakeholder Unaware Resistant Neutral Supportive Leading Project Owner C C D C D D C Project Sponsor C C C D C C Trainees D D C D D Trainers D D C C D Project Manager C D C D D C(PMI, 2015) Communication Matrix for Stakeholders Purpose: The communication plan is prepared to identify methods that can be utilized for communicating project related information with its stakeholders alongside the requirements of the project milestones enabling establishing of project monitoring and control(Pearson, 2000). Audience: Project stakeholders are the audience of the communication matrix that include project owner, trainer, trainees, project sponsor, project manager, and clients. Approach: Communication plan can be developed as per the project organization hierarchy and the allotted budget for the execution of the project. The stakeholder management process also needs an understanding of the communication frequencies required for communicating with each stakeholder. For instance, a project sponsor would need to be communicating once at the start of the project to get approval and while releasing the funds required for management of the marketing campaign. A weekly status mail on the progress of marketing may also be sent to these stakeholders. If any problems or challenges are faced during the project, the same must be communicated to concerned stakeholder by the project manager. For instance, if the venue suggested suddenly faces a problem such that it cannot be used anymore then all the stakeholders have to be communicated about the change of the training venue(Project Management Institute , 2000). Role Responsibilities Project Owner Project Planning, project monitoring, Project control, risk management, Project Sponsor Approving the funds as per the budget requirement Project Manager Project Planning, project monitoring, Project control, risk management, Progress reporting, Hiring, team management, budget approvals, deliverables, project closure Trainees Give inputs on content requirement for training and make bookings of event Trainer Provide content and delivery as per the required quantity Training Manager Select trainers, hire trainers, identify training requirements, identify marketing requirements(SAID, 2015) Project Meeting Meeting Agenda Project Name: Marketing Project Team Meeting Date: Jan 31, 2017 Time: 3:00pm-6:00pm Invitees: Jackie, John, Shin Chan Agenda Items Meeting Objective: To discuss the project status updates for the marketing of the training workshop event and come up with solutions to overcome challenges or issues being faced. Topics to cover: Review Project Progress against the plan Review if Project can be completed within the allotted Budget Review Project Progress against milestones and identify deviations Identify issues faced and come up with solutions Suggest new marketing ideas for adding platforms to digital marketing for increasing registrations Status Updates on the project Action Items(Team FME, 2014): Hire more people for managing the marketing of the event on different digital media. Project manager has to meet the owner to take a decision on possibility of adding a marketing platform Issue Log Name Date Opened Origination Potential Impact Progress Trainers took time to confirm their presence in the event 01-Jan-2017 Project Manager Delay can be caused New trainer maybe approached and hired Delays in approvals from top management 10th Jan 2017 Project Sponsor Delay on the start of marketing Take approval on urgent basis(University of Exeter, 2015) References Changefirst Limited, 2009. Change and project management , s.l.: ChangeFirst. BIS, 2010. How to organise, plan and control Projects, s.l.: BIS. Bright Hub Media, 2013. 5 Leadership Secrets of Successful Project Managers. [Online] Available at: https://www.brighthubpm.com/resource-management/122821-five-leadership-secrets-of-successful-project-managers/ Bright Hub Media, 2015. Constructing Powerful Scope Statements. [Online] Available at: https://www.brighthubpm.com/project-planning/57950-example-and-evaluation-of-project-scope-statements/ Caltrans, 2007. Project Communication Handbook. s.l.:Caltrans. City of Chandler , 2000. Project Management Methodology Guidelines, s.l.: City of Chandler . FME, 2014. Project Human Resources Management, s.l.: FME. Pearson, 2000. Basic Skills for Project Managers, s.l.: Pearson Education. PMI, 2015. Capturing the Value of PROJECT MANAGEMENT, s.l.: PMI. Project Management Institute , 2000. A guide to the Project Management Book of Knowledge , s.l.: Project Management Institute . SAID, 2015. Major Projects Leadership Academy handbook, s.l.: Cabinet Office. Team FME, 2014. Human Resource Management: Project Skill, s.l.: FME. University of Exeter, 2015. C5: Post Project Appraisal and Evaluation. [Online] Available at: https://www.exeter.ac.uk/finance/cpp/appraisal/appraisalandevaluation/